Browser on computer connects to WiFi on C3000 router but computer apps and phone will not

I'm trying to set up my Netgear N300 Cable Modem Router Model C3000 . The internet browser on my computer connects to the router and I'm able to browse, but none of the applications on my computer connect to the WiFi (Zoom, Steam, the mail app, etc.). They all say there's no connection to the internet. 

My phone will connect to the network and show that it is connected to the internet, but neither the internet browser nor any of the apps on my phone are able to actually access the internet. They all give me the same error message, that the router isn't actually connected to the internet.

I've already tried unplugging the modem and plugging it back in, doing the factory reset, restarting my devices, and forgetting the network & then reconnecting. Every potential solution leads to the same end point, with the web browser on my computer connecting to the internet but nothing else. I've been trying to fix it for two days now so any help would be greatly appreciated.