piet8stevens wrote:

1b. smartctl: I installed it on the NAS, but when I try to run it on the raid, it asks for a type to be specified (-d option). Which type

It should have been already installed.

On options, smartctl -a /dev/sda will give you the smart stats for the first drive. It is also possible to test the drives with --test=long (though you can also do that from the volume settings wheel in the GUI).

Personally I like -x. That adds in an error log (among other things), which did find some issues with one of my WD60EFRX drives. But the output is long.

I'd also download the log zip file from the web ui, and look for btrfs or disk errors in the system.log and kernel.log. Note you can also see that stuff with journalctl in ssh. Though if you do that you'll want to use a filter. For instance

# journalctl --no-tail -r | grep -i btrfs

Also, how full is the data volume?

piet8stevens wrote:

1a. dd

- on home directory: write speed of 83.6MB/s, read 132MB/s (after clearing cache)

- on raid: write speed 9.4MB/s, read 21.7MB/s (after clearing cache)

after balance, write speed on the NAS raid (with dd) has increased to 16.7MB/s. Read speed is still the same at 21.4MB/s. (raid)

This is a little curious. Do you mean /home by "home directory"? That actually is mount point on the data volume.

If you mean / then that is it's own volume - but it is also RAID-1.

If you have a spare disk, you could try doing a factory install with just that disk in place, and measure the speed after setup. Best to label the real disks by slot as you remove them (powered down) so you can restore them to the same slots later on.

If that gives you the expected speeds, then if both operational disks are healthy, then I'd suggest is to do a factory default with the operational drives in place (painful), rebuild the NAS, and restore the data from backup. The idea there is to get a clean file system.

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